The State of Uttar Pradesh has a bicameral legislature comprising of Legislative Council, an upper House and Legislative Assembly, the lower House.This is the largest legislature in India. The Uttar Pradesh Assembly consists of 403 elected members and one nominated Anglo-Indian member. The Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council has 100 members. Prior to 1967, the strength of the Legislative Assembly was 431 members including one nominated Anglo-Indian member which was revised to 426 including one nominated Anglo-Indian member. After reorganization of the State of the Uttar Pradesh and formation of Uttarakhand on 9th November 2000, the strength of the Legislative Assembly has been reduced to 404 including one nominated Anglo-Indian member. The term of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved earlier. The first Legislative Assembly was constituted on 8th March, 1952. Since then, it has been constituted Eighteenth times. The present i.e. Seventeenth Legislative Assembly was constituted on 11th March, 2022.

At the commencement of the first session after each general election to the Assembly and at the commencement of the first session of the year, the Governor addresses both the Houses of Legislature assembled together and informs the Legislature of the causes for summoning it. Besides this both the Houses are summoned by the Governor from time to time during the year. The Speaker and Dy. Speaker are elected by the members of the Legislative Assembly from amongst them. The Chambers of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council are situated at the historic city of Lucknow which is famous for its glorious past and cultural heritage.